How Cannabis Affects Male Fertility: What the Science Says
Author
Courtney D
Published
Mar 31, 2025
Tags
If you or someone you know is trying to conceive, cannabis use might not be the harmless habit many assume. A study edited by the University of Rouen, France, sheds light on how the body’s endocannabinoid system (ECS)—which helps regulate sperm function—plays a crucial role in male fertility.
What is the Endocannabinoid System (ECS)?
The ECS is a network of receptors and natural chemicals in the body that help regulate stress, mood, appetite, and, importantly, reproduction. It works by balancing levels of endocannabinoids, which are similar to compounds found in cannabis, like THC.
What the Study Found About Cannabis & Sperm Health
Researchers compared sperm from fertile and infertile men and discovered major differences in their ECS activity:
• Lower Fertility, Lower Endocannabinoids – Men struggling with infertility had significantly lower levels of key endocannabinoids in their sperm. These compounds are crucial for sperm motility (movement) and the ability to fertilize an egg.
• Disrupted Enzyme Activity – The enzymes that regulate endocannabinoid levels weren’t functioning properly in infertile men, suggesting an imbalance that could hinder fertility.
• Inactive Key Receptors – A critical receptor called TRPV1, which helps sperm penetrate the egg, was inactive in sperm from infertile men.
How Cannabis Use Might Be a Problem
Since THC (the active ingredient in cannabis) mimics the body’s natural endocannabinoids, frequent cannabis use may throw off the body’s natural balance. This can:
✅ Reduce sperm count and motility
✅ Make it harder for sperm to reach and fertilize an egg
✅ Potentially increase the risk of infertility
What This Means for Men Trying to Conceive
If you’re planning to start a family, reducing or stopping cannabis use may help improve sperm health. While more research is needed, this study suggests that cannabis use could interfere with the body’s natural fertility processes—something worth considering for couples facing conception challenges.
Reference:
Lewis, S.E.M., Rapino, C., Di Tommaso, M., Pucci, M., Battista, N., Paro, R., Simon, L., Lutton, D., & Maccarrone, M. (2012). Differences in the Endocannabinoid System of Sperm from Fertile and Infertile Men.
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